The Sheriff is responsible for transporting and guarding prisoners between the Montgomery County Detention Center (MCDC) and the various court holding facilities, as well as to and from health care facilities and various other institutions. When a writ is received from other counties, deputies are required to transport prisoners from MCDC to other Maryland District and Circuit Courts. The Sheriff's Office performs about 20,000 such prisoner transports a year.

In Montgomery County the Sheriff also operates three temporary detention facilities for court related functions. These detention facilities are located in the Silver Spring and Rockville District Courts and the Circuit Court. These detention facilities meet stringent accreditation standards and process approximately 14,500 prisoners annually.

The Sheriff has a variety of transportation vehicles to perform these prisoner movements. Upon the request of other law enforcement agencies the Sheriff has also provided these vehicles and deputies to assist with events that may result in mass arrests. The Sheriffs Office is equipped and prepared for emergency holding and works with the Montgomery County Detention Center to establish emergency evacuation and support plans in the event an incident should occur requiring emergency housing of inmates.